Every Sunday, St.-Roch, known as the “church of artists,” celebrates a Tridentine Mass, the traditional Latin Mass that was standard until the introduction of services in vernacular languages in the late 1960s. The Tridentine Mass isn’t exactly audience friendly: For starters, the priests perform most of it while turned toward the altar, with their backs to the congregation.
Still, it has its aficionados. The crowd on the first Sunday of December was among the largest I’ve seen indoors since the start of the pandemic. At least 400 people filled St.-Roch, with limited social distancing and no enforcement of mask rules.
TLM strength yet again recognized by New York Times
Many Plenary Indulgences available throughout the Year of Saint Joseph, starting today: Conditions (in English)
The Pope introduced the Year of Saint Joseph, to celebrate the 150 years of his Patronage over the Universal Church.
Along with the papal apostolic letter, the Major Penitentiary introduced a set of new plenary indulgences, available until December 8, 2021. The Apostolic Penitentiary letter is here (in Latin and Italian).
The details are the following:
Conditions for the plenary indulgence
The plenary indulgence is granted to the faithful under the usual conditions (sacramental confession, Eucharistic Communion, and prayer for the Pope’s intentions) to Christians who, with a spirit detached from any sin, participate in the Year of St. Joseph on these occasions and manners indicated by the Apostolic Penitentiary:
Apostolic Letter PATRIS CORDE of the Holy Father, on the 150th Anniversary of the Proclamation of Saint Joseph as Patron of the Universal Church
PATRIS CORDE
OF THE HOLY FATHER
FRANCIS
ON THE 150th ANNIVERSARY
OF THE PROCLAMATION OF SAINT JOSEPH
AS PATRON OF THE UNIVERSAL CHURCH
WITH A FATHER’S HEART: that is how Joseph loved Jesus, whom all four Gospels refer to as “the son of Joseph”.[1]
Matthew and Luke, the two Evangelists who speak most of Joseph, tell us very little, yet enough for us to appreciate what sort of father he was, and the mission entrusted to him by God’s providence.
We know that Joseph was a lowly carpenter (cf. Mt 13:55), betrothed to Mary (cf. Mt 1:18; Lk 1:27). He was a “just man” (Mt 1:19), ever ready to carry out God’s will as revealed to him in the Law (cf. Lk 2:22.27.39) and through four dreams (cf. Mt 1:20; 2:13.19.22). After a long and tiring journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem, he beheld the birth of the Messiah in a stable, since “there was no place for them” elsewhere (cf. Lk 2:7). He witnessed the adoration of the shepherds (cf. Lk 2:8-20) and the Magi (cf. Mt 2:1-12), who represented respectively the people of Israel and the pagan peoples.
Joseph had the courage to become the legal father of Jesus, to whom he gave the name revealed by the angel: “You shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins” (Mt 1:21). As we know, for ancient peoples, to give a name to a person or to a thing, as Adam did in the account in the Book of Genesis (cf. 2:19-20), was to establish a relationship.
The Deafening Silence of Pope Francis on China's Persecution of Catholics
We are praying to Immaculate Mary for the health and safety of Jimmy Lai and his family, and for all Catholic and non-Catholic victims of persecution in the most formidable tyranny of our age, Communist China.
From The Wall Street Journal's opinion page (Dec. 7, 2020), main excerpt:
Jimmy Lai has embraced his destiny. Last Wednesday the founder of one of Hong Kong’s most popular newspapers, Apple Daily, was arrested on ginned-up fraud charges. On Thursday he was clapped into jail as a national security risk. Thus did a man who started the week a Hong Kong billionaire end it a Chinese dissident.
Mr. Lai’s jailing has provoked condemnation from figures as diverse as Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, former Soviet refusenik Natan Sharansky and New York Rep. Eliot Engel. They have been joined by journalists, activists and politicians such as the Labour Party’s Sarah Champion and other members of Parliament who on Monday raised Mr. Lai’s plight in Britain’s House of Commons.
But there is one place where China’s bullying elicits only silence: the Vatican.
The Immaculate Conception: Whoever finds the Immaculata, finds Jesus (Kolbe)
Magnificat (1611)
________________________
We cannot take rest as long as there is in the world one soul in danger, who does not yet know the Immaculata. Our human frailty, limited resources or any other worldly difficulty must not restrain us; let us confide in the Immaculata, let us place ourselves truly in Her hands and She will continue to win the battles of God, as at Lepanto, as at Vienna. We must place our Lady in every soul so that from every soul sin be expelled and Jesus introduced. Whoever finds the Immaculata, finds Jesus.
1-Day Online Marian Conference on December 8th: Commemoration of the 70th Anniversary of the Assumption
1-Day Conference on 8th December 10:00 – 18:30 GMT to commemorate this year the 70th Anniversary of the Dogma of Our Lady's Assumption into Heaven.
1) Fr Pio M. Idowu, Liturgical and Patristic development of the Dogma of the Assumption
2) Fr Serafino M. Lanzetta, Biblical and Theological foundation of Our Lady’s Assumption
3) Fr Philomeno M. James, Did Our Lady die before her Assumption into heaven?
The day will conclude with Holy Rosary and Solemn High Mass at 5pm in St Mary's Church.
Long Out-of-print Benedictine Martyrology Now Available
Those who admire or follow St. Benedict will rejoice, therefore, in the republication by Os Justi Press of A Benedictine Martyrology. Published in 1922 and long out-of-print, this book is Alexius Hoffman’s English translation and adaptation of the Rev. Peter Lechner’s Ausführliches Martyrologium des Benedictiner-Ordens und Seiner Verzweigungen [Detailed Martyrology of the Benedictine Order and its Branches], published in Munich in 1855. The original was published in cloth; this reprint is paperback, but with the simple and formal cover design displayed above.
Francis Makes Official Use of Joe "Abortion" Biden Campaign Slogan
Just... unbelievable. No comment. (Only that it doesn't matter if it's used for something else, it's closely linked with the Biden campaign and should not be used by a Pope.)To help our society to “build back better”, inclusion of the vulnerable must also entail efforts to promote their active participation. #IDPD https://t.co/JIIJgNx76E
— Pope Francis (@Pontifex) December 3, 2020
Reminder: Rorate Caeli Purgatorial Society

Help a hermit! Enroll loved ones in a Christmas novena
Deadline for enrollment is Dec. 17 -- CLICK HERE TO ENROLL
A Christmas Novena of Traditional Latin Masses according to the 1962 Roman Missal (extraordinary form) will be offered for the salvation and sanctification of all families (or persons) enrolled in the Novena. The nine Masses will begin with the Christmas Midnight Mass and will conclude on Jan. 1st, Solemnity of Our Lord’s Circumcision.
The suggested donation is $15 for each enrollment which includes an enrollment card. The cards will be sent to each family (or person) enrolled. The Masses for this year’s Christmas Novena will be offered by Fr. Maximilian Mary of Jesus Crucified in his hermitage and/or on the high altar of the Carmelite Monastery of Jesus, Mary and Joseph in Fairfield, PA.
Sermon for the First Sunday in Advent: Advent is not a time for killing time
From the Epistle: “Besides this you know what hour it is, how it is full time now for you to wake from sleep. For salvation is nearer to us now than when we first believed; the night is far gone, the day is at hand. Let us then cast off the works of darkness and put on the armor of light.” (Romans 13:11-14)
“You know what hour it is”, says St. Paul. You know the time in which you are living. That is quite a statement. What is the time in which we are living? 2020 Anno Domini, or the Common Era? How is this time in which we are living defined? Well, that definition depends on your perspective, and the perspective on this First Sunday in Advent is a liturgical perspective. The time is Advent. This is the time of waiting. We all know what waiting is like. We wait for so many things in our lives, and most of this waiting time is killing time, killing time to get onto the next thing. We wait in line at the bank. We wait in line at the infamous Motor Vehicles Office. We wait in line at the doctor’s office, and we kill that time by looking at empty headed magazines that fill the time, that kill the time. We wait in line for a ticket to the latest must go to concert, grasping the ticket when we get it, something to look forward to. Killing time in order to get to the next thing in our lives.
Building Tasmania’s First Benedictine Monastery
Our friends, the traditional Benedictines of Notre Dame Priory on the island of Tasmania, asked us to share this information with Rorate readers.
It's been four years since Tasmania’s first Benedictine Monastery was founded. In that space of time, much has been done, but there remains much to do. After living in two rented houses, the community, which counts six members, has found a permanent home on a vast sheep-grazing farm called Jerusalem Estate near Colebrook, in the Southern Midlands Region of the island of Tasmania, one of Australian's seven states. The farm was purchased thanks to loans received from the Catholic Development Fund of Tasmania and a number of private lenders. At this stage the monks are working hard towards paying off the mortgage which will then allow them to start work on a beautiful monastery for the glory of God and the honor of Our Lady, a project which they hope will become an architectural project of international interest.
De Mattei: The Safest Vaccine Against The Coronavirus
Roberto de Mattei
RadioRomaLibera
November 24, 2020
Over the last few weeks several of the world’s most
important pharmaceutical companies have announced the imminent production of
vaccines against Covid 19. Commenting on
this news, an esteemed Italian virologist, Professor Andrea Crisanti, issued a
statement of supreme common sense. In response to the question whether he would
take the vaccine or not, he replied: “Normally
it takes about five to eight years to produce a vaccine. For this, without
available data, I wouldn’t take the first vaccine that should be arriving in
January. I’d like to be sure that this vaccine has been tested properly and
that it satisfies the safety and efficacy criterion. As a citizen I have this
right and I’m not willing to accept shortcuts.”
It is an answer
of complete common sense, sound, for that matter, with the principle of
precaution, invoked so much today for the protection of the environment and it
is not clear why this shouldn’t be applied in the field of health as well. Prof. Crisanti is not against vaccines, but retains
correctly, that the press releases by the pharmaceutical companies are not
enough to guarantee safety and so he is waiting for the scientific data, which
the regulatory agencies will verify. As a result of these prudent words he’s
been demonized by the mass-media and some of
his colleagues.
Cristanti defended himself with a letter published in the Corriere della Sera of November 23,
wherein among other things, he states: “The
custodians of scientific orthodoxy do not admit hesitations or
vacillations; they demand a leap of
faith from those who don’t have access to privileged information. ‘The vaccine will
work’, they thunder indignantly. I’m the first to hope this is true; nonetheless,
allow me to object: the vaccine is not a sacred object. Let’s leave faith to religion
and doubt and discussion to science which are its stimulus and guarantee.”
I give space to these declarations because it seems to me they are the
voice of common sense at a time when the good use of reason is often lacking.
Those like us, who are neither immunologists nor microbiologists and thus
incapable of making scientific predictions, can only make an effort not to
renounce the good use of logic and can do nothing other than agree with
Professor Crisanti. But, seeing that, in addition to reason, it is necessary to
live through this pandemic in the light of faith, we can indicate the existence
of a remedy against the Coronavirus which is by far the most effective since it
prevents not only bodily ills - which everyone fears - but also the much more dangerous ones, those of the soul -
which nobody addresses.
Can the Catholic Church be the Champion against the forces of militant secular liberalism?
I write as a Catholic priest who both loves this country of the United States of America and who is also alarmed and angry at the forces that proclaim their roots in “liberalism” and which persistently push an agenda that is anti-religious and contrary to what most people in this country still believe: that there is a basic moral law that can be known by all men and women and that the only real basis for civil rights of the individual is belief in a transcendent God.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
These famous words that are part of the introduction to the Declaration of Independence lie at the very heart of the foundations on which the American experiment is based. The assertion that “these truths are self-evident” has its basis in belief in the Natural Law. The Natural Law has its roots in Western philosophy and in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible. Natural Law declares that every thinking human being understands that there is a rational moral structure underlying human interaction at all levels and that to transgress this moral law is a crime against humanity itself. When the founders of this country proclaimed the “self-evident” nature of these truths that make up the Natural Law, they were not invoking any religion to back up this fundamental claim of a shared understanding of the truths of the Natural Law. Nor did they believe that these truths depended on one’s education or place in the social structure of society. They were based on a firm philosophical conviction of the existence of a Moral Law that must be the basis of a truly civilized and free nation.
Sermon for the Last Sunday After Pentecost: Learning the Four Last Things with Dante Alighieri
From today’s Gospel: For as the lightning comes forth from the east and shines even to the west, so also will the coming of the Son of Man… And he will send forth his angels with a trumpet and a great sound, and they will gather His elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other. (Matthew 24:27 ff.)
Trump’s List: The Perfect Parable of Abortion Today. A Spiritual Re-viewing of Schindler’s List (1993)
These reflections were put in writing by a young man in Italy, worried about the 2020 US Presidential Elections. They were sent for the first time to a priest, and are here extended to the rest of the world, to every man of good will who has the patience and willpower to realize what the situation in today’s world is. They are published anonymously to prevent the young man, his family, and his loved ones from repercussions, from the hatred and even physical attack from the ruthless Children of Darkness. This young man asks all those who are enriched or elevated by this reading to pray for him, his family, his friends; for the priest to whom he first sent these thoughts; for Carlo Maria Viganò and Donald Trump; for Joe Biden; for all the members of the American Supreme Court, especially the six Catholics who sit there; for this wretched world, for this unrecognizable but Holy Church. In short, that the Immaculate Heart of Mary may triumph, and soon too, against the now prevailing satanic barbarity—the daughter of that error of Russia’s that is abortion, legalized for the first time in Lenin’s Russia in November 1920, and then quickly spread throughout the world.
A couple of weeks ago I was reminded of the film Schindler’s List, because during lunch the classical music radio playing on the TV aired the film’s main theme: so beautiful. I remembered it was a great movie, and how moved I was when I first saw it. And so I casually threw out the proposal. In the evening, after dinner, I swiftly downloaded it, said the Rosary with my family, and then asked them to try this mental exercise, perhaps difficult, probably unpleasant: imagine that every Jew they see in the film is instead a small human being in the mother’s womb.
De Mattei: The Secret Forces That Operate In History
Roberto de Mattei
Corrispondenza Romana
November 18, 2020
Secret forces exist and operate in history. The simple dynamism of human
passions and errors is not sufficient in fact to explain the revolutionary
process that has been attacking for centuries the Church and the Christian civilization
She created. This process is driven by agents – often hidden – but real. Catholic thought of the 19th and
20th centuries has always investigated and documented rigorously the
existence of this actuality, which can be defined as a “plot” or a
“conspiracy”, if with these terms we mean the existence of forces that achieve
their ends in secret and often by illicit and immoral methods.
Monsignor Henri Delassus (1836-1921), dedicated an important book to La conjuration
antichrétienne: le temple maçonnique voulant s’élever sur les ruines de
l’Eglise catholique (Paris 1910, 3
volume, with a preface written by Rafael Merry del Val). The secret societies
that led the Revolution, explains Plinio
Corrêa de Oliveira, have as their aim, the establishing of a utopian “Universal
Republic”, in which all legitimate differences among populations, families and
social classes would be dissolved in an egalitarian, confused and bubbling
amalgamation. (Rivoluzione e
Contro-Rivoluzione, Sugarco, Milano 2009, p. 117).
The existence of this “plot” is confirmed in papal documents and
especially in Leo XIII’s encyclical Humanum
genus of April 20th 1884, wherein the Pope denounces the
diabolical plot of Freemasonry, which has as “[its]
ultimate purpose the utter overthrow of that whole religious and political
order of the world which the Christian teaching has produced, and the
substitution of a new state of things in accordance with their ideas, of which
the foundations and laws shall be drawn from mere naturalism.” (Enc.
Humanum genus del 20 aprile 1884,
ASS, vol. 16 (1883-1884), pp. 417-48).
EVENTS: Upcoming Lectures in Arizona by Dr. Kwasniewski - Phoenix 12/5 and Tucson 12/6
The Urgency of Advent This Year: Light a Candle!
Next Sunday is the Last Sunday after Pentecost. The Gospel for that Sunday ends the Church Year with the “bang” of the Last Things. It is indeed fitting that the Last Sunday of the Church Year should call our attention to the consummation of all things in Jesus Christ when he will come to judge the living and the dead and usher in the triumph of the Kingdom of God.
The Four Qualities of Liturgy: Validity, Licitness, Fittingness, and Authenticity (Full Text of Dr. Kwasniewski’s Lecture)
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| Los cuatro postes (Ávila) |
“We must love the Church more than ever”: Interview with Dr. Alice von Hildebrand (Rorate Exclusive)
Rorate is grateful to Annemarie and Thomas Thimons for providing this transcript of an interview they conducted with Dr. Alice von Hildebrand on September 3, 2018, shortly after the Viganò revelations about former Cardinal Theodore McCarrick, about whom the long-delayed and long-awaited Vatican dossier is supposed to appear imminently — though it remains to be seen whether it will, in fact, expose the many actual and suspected connections, which ought to bring down many powerful members of the hierarchy. This interview with Dr. von Hildebrand has not been published until now.
The interviewers begin by sharing that McCarrick had been stripped of his red hat by Pope Francis a month prior to our meeting and required to live a life of penance.
Alice von Hildebrand [AVH]. That was a good decision.
De Mattei: Our place in the battlefield
Roberto de Mattei
RadioRomaLibera
November 9, 2020

A famous line from William Shakespeare’s play As
You Like It, goes like this: “All the world’s a stage, and all the men and
women merely players” (Act II, scene VII).
There is wisdom in this sentence, but we could say more precisely: “All the
world is a battlefield and all the men and women are immersed in this war.”
This is always true, but it is particularly true
today. There is no denying it.
The elections are just over in the U.S.A. But are they really over? The President in office until January 20 is officially Donald Trump, who has not conceded the victory to his adversary, already enthroned as the new president by the mainstream media. What will happen from now until January 20? In addition to the pending legal battles, America is split in half into two political parts which have become two visions of the world, wherein it will be difficult to find ground for compromise. The electoral result probably gave the victory to Biden, but Trump appeared more solid and Biden weaker than everyone expected. The political system in the U.S.A., considered a model since the time Alexis de Tocqueville described it in Democracy in America (1831), today, manifests all its fragility, and a scenario of civil war (raised a number of times by the British historian Neil Ferguson) appears less far-fetched than may first seem.
The McCarrick Report is here -- But First, Remember This Video Where McCarrick Boasted of Helping to Elect Cardinal Bergoglio
First things first.
In a speech at the liberal Villanova University in 2013, then-cardinal Ted McCarrick boasted of his decisive influence in the election of Cardinal Bergoglio as Pope. Other actors confirm that McCarrick's support was very important for the election:
The Abortion President -- and the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops welcomes him
From the official Biden website:
The Affordable Care Act made historic progress ensuring access to free preventive care, including contraception. The Biden Plan will build on that progress. Vice President Biden supports repealing the Hyde Amendment because health care is a right that should not be dependent on one’s zip code or income.
And, the public option will cover contraception and a woman’s constitutional right under Roe v. Wade.
Biden will also:
Stop state laws violating Roe v. Wade. Biden will work to codify Roe v. Wade, and his Justice Department will do everything in its power to stop the rash of state laws that so blatantly violate Roe v. Wade.
Restore federal funding for Planned Parenthood. The Obama-Biden Administration fought Republican attacks on funding for Planned Parenthood again and again. As President, Biden will reissue guidance specifying that states cannot refuse Medicaid funding for Planned Parenthood and other providers and reverse the Trump Administration’s rule preventing these organizations from obtaining Title X funds.
Just as the Obama-Biden Administration did, rescind the Mexico City Policy (also referred to as the global gag rule) that President Trump reinstated and expanded. This rule currently bars the U.S. federal government from supporting important global health efforts — including for malaria and HIV/AIDS — in developing countries simply because the organizations providing that aid also offer information on abortion services.
Restore the Affordable Care Act’s contraception mandate in place before the U.S. Supreme Court’s Hobby Lobby decision. The recent U.S. Supreme Court decision makes it easier for the Trump-Pence Administration to continue to strip health care from women — attempting to carve out broad exemptions to the Affordable Care Act’s commitment to giving all women free access to recommended contraception. Biden will restore the Obama-Biden policy that existed before the Hobby Lobby ruling: providing an exemption for houses of worship and an accommodation for nonprofit organizations with religious missions. The accommodation will allow women at these organizations to access contraceptive coverage, not through their employer-provided plan, but instead through their insurance company or a third-party administrator.
“We congratulate Mr. Biden and acknowledge that he joins the late President John F. Kennedy as the second United States president to profess the Catholic faith." (CNA)
Bishops Report to the CDF on the TLM: the Una Voce Federation responds
You can read a good dal about the response of the Foederatio Internationalis Una Voce (FIUV) to the survey of the world's bishops on the Traditional Mass carried out by the CDF in the newly published magazine of the FIUV: Gregorius Magnus 10.
Having recently returned from Rome, I can say from multiple sources that what the bishops have said about the EF in their dioceses is not all negative by any means, and no one seems to expect any bad outcomes from this survey. Nevertheless, the FIUV has also presented the CDF with a report, covering 364 dioceses from 52 countries, of the experiences of the traditional faithful, whether in enjoying the Traditional Mass or merely asking for it, to supplement the perspective of the world's bishops.
Gregorius Magnus also has much else of interest which I hope readers will appreciate, including extracts from traditional Catholic magazines from around the world, some published in English for the first time.
It is now available as a pdf here.
De Mattei: November: the Month of the Communion of Saints
Roberto de Mattei
RadioRomaLibera
November 2, 2020
The month of November began with two important liturgical feasts: All
Saints and All Souls.
On November 1st, the Church celebrated the Feast of All Saints - those of
whom the Apocalypse sings: “After this I saw a great multitude,
which no man could number, of all nations, and tribes, and peoples, and
tongues, standing before the throne, and in sight of the Lamb, clothed with
white robes, and palms in their hands: [10] And they cried with a loud voice, saying: Salvation to
our God” (Apocalypse, 7, 9-10). This is the Church Triumphant in Heaven, the
Church of the Saints, our models and intercessors.
On November 2nd the Church commemorated the deceased, of whom St. Paul
says: “And we will not have you ignorant, brethren,
concerning them that are asleep, that you be not sorrowful, even as others who
have no hope” (1 Thess.
4,12). This is the Church Penitent, of the souls suffering in Purgatory waiting
to enter Heaven. And the Faith teaches us that the liberation from their
sufferings is in our hands, through prayer.
The Church Triumphant in Heaven and the Penitent Church in Purgatory are united to the Church Militant, made up of Christians living on Earth and together form the One Church, the Mystical Body of Christ, the Communion of Saints.
(Volo mori, o Deus in Te.)
In 2020, as in 2016 | Fr. Rutler: In this presidential election, we cannot be indifferent - one side is pro-life, the other is EVIL
In November 2016, we posted the column below by Fr. George Rutler -- and it is even more pertinent today. After almost 4 years in the White House, President Donald J. Trump rewarded the confidence pro-lifers placed in him. In every possible measure that the Executive Branch can further (from discretionary funding to judicial appointments), President Trump has been the most pro-life president ever.
With a fake pro-abortion "Catholic" on the other side, faithful Christians have no choice other than voting for the reelection of the President.
***
Reminder: Rorate Caeli Purgatorial Society #AllSoulsDay

Sermon for All Saints: Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus
Fr. Richard G. Cipolla
After this I saw a great multitude which no man could number, out of all nations and tribes and peoples and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes and with palms in their hands: and they cried out with a loud voice saying: “Salvation belongs to our God who sits upon the throne, and to the Lamb”.
Yes, It's Appropriate for Francis to Remain Silent on the Nice Attacks in His Angelus Address -- It Would Be Grotesque Otherwise
Usually, at the Angelus/Regina Caeli sung each Sunday on St. Peter's Square, the bishop of Rome mentions some important events of the past week that are of his concern.
Today, Francis remained absolutely silent about the most terrifying event of the week for Catholics, the terrorist attack in Nice, which victimized three Catholics, are new Martyrs Nadine Devillers, 60; Vincent Loquès, 45; and Simone Barreto Silva, 44. His secretary of state had sent to the bishop one of those messages of formality on the very day of the incident, but many were surprised by the complete absence of any reference this Sunday:
I'm surprised the Pope made no reference at the Angelus to Thursdays' horrific Islamist terrorist attack in Nice, France, where three Catholics were murdered in a Church by a newly arrived Tunisian migrant. Nothing at all, not even to express solidarity with the French people.
— Catholic Sat (@CatholicSat) November 1, 2020
Now, in a quite distinct way from the other attacks against Christians in France, which were perpetrated by radicalized French-born Muslims, this time the terror has a different source: the illegal landings in the small Italian island of Lampedusa, between Sicily and Tunisia. The terrorist, who shall remain nameless, arrived from Tunisia in Lampedusa just weeks ago, and quickly crossed the Italian peninsula and reached Nice, which is near the French-Italian border.
























